The CBD conversation is abuzz with health claims ranging from helping with headaches to solving your pet’s anxiety. Countering inflammation is another widely touted benefit, but does it have merit?

As an unbiased, middle-of-the-road resource, we err on the side of what science can tell us for certain right now when educating about the benefits of cannabinoids and other forms of plant-based medicine. This isn’t to say that anecdotal accounts should be completely discounted. And it doesn’t mean science has unlocked all of the answers — far from it! But it does offer information that can help you discern your best course of action when you’re looking for natural and alternative solutions.

There have been many claims that we simply don’t feel confident educating on at this time due to the lack of scientific evidence, which is ultimately a result of years of cannabis prohibition. In the case of CBD and inflammation, I was pleasantly surprised to learn that a relatively large body of research has validated the theory that this cannabinoid does, in fact, have anti-inflammatory properties which are being explored for managing a variety of inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and migraines.(1,2,3)

According to the CDC, chronic diseases affect approximately 6 in 10 adults in the United States. It’s understood that inflammation is related to chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, respiratory diseases, and pain. With inflammation impacting so many individuals, we felt this was information worth sharing, so we’re spilling the green tea.

An Intro to Inflammation

Inflammation is a bodily process; it’s a natural systemic response. Experiencing inflammation is normal — to an extent.

Your immune system leverages inflammation to identify and neutralize or remove harmful or intrusive stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. You can think of it as a biological defense mechanism. So, counter to what you may think, inflammation is part of the healing process — you need it to be healthy.

Types of Inflammation

However, inflammation becomes a problem when there’s too much of it or it doesn’t go away. 

To understand this better, it’s helpful to know the two categories of inflammation:(4)

Since acute inflammation is fleeting, it’s difficult to research with accuracy. This, coupled with the fact that chronic inflammation is so widespread, and has potential long-term effects, has granted chronic inflammation priority in the area of CBD and inflammation research. 

Conventional Treatments for Inflammation

Modern medicine has a variety of treatment modalities available to it. The most common include:(4,5)

On top of these, there are treatments for other inflammatory symptoms (e.g., pain) and secondary issues (e.g., trouble sleeping).

While we’re experiencing an avalanche of CBD products coming to market with increased legalization, CBD has healthcare providers’ and consumers’ attention as a possible safer, more effective, nonaddictive alternative to pharmaceutical drugs, minus the THC, if so desired.(6) And, given positive results in animal studies, this is even more justification for additional research in human models and for the FDA to evaluate compelling anecdotal claims, and for the National Institutes of Health to fund research grants to evaluate health claims. 

Chronic Inflammation & CBD

The cannabinoid CBD has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models. This makes it an interesting alternative, complementary, or adjunct treatment option for chronic inflammation in humans.

While there’s still much to be uncovered about CBD and its effects on inflammation, what we do know suggests that it could be a valuable tool in the fight against this condition by helping to:

  1. Reduce the severity and duration of inflammatory symptoms
  2. Reduce the risk of developing chronic inflammatory conditions in the future
  3. Improve quality of life for those with chronic inflammation conditions

It appears that these outcomes are achieved when CBD interacts with your endocannabinoid system (ECS), which helps operate or control many of the body’s functions. The ECS exerts great influence on inflammatory and immune responses.(7)

Let’s take a closer look at a few of the primary inflammatory conditions for which CBD is being investigated as a possible treatment.

Persistent Pain

Numerous studies have verified that CBD has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties that can chip away at inflammatory pain.(8) However, studies turn up mixed results, leading experts to agree more research is needed to suss out how and why CBD is reducing different aspects and markers of chronic pain from inflammation.(9)

Data also suggests that combining CBD with THC reaps the most rewards. Based on these findings, it stands to reason that full-or broad-spectrum CBD is preferable, with high-CBD marijuana strains being an option for those who use or require higher-THC products.

Arthritis

Research indicates that CBD could be an ally in the battle against arthritis in several ways. CBD alleviates symptoms like joint pain as well as helps to resolve the underlying inflammation.(10,11) CBD may even have protective qualities that could prevent some damage caused by inflammation and arthritis.(12)

According to the Arthritis Foundation, almost 80% of people with arthritis use, have used, or are considering using CBD oil products for their condition. Of those who’ve tried CBD, most use it to relieve pain. But they’re also enjoying other positive outcomes like improved physical function, better sleep, and less stiffness/more mobility.(13)

While animal-based research indicates that CBD can ease pain and inflammation attributed to arthritis, we lack sufficient evidence from quality human studies to validate the effects — both positive and negative — in people. However, the anecdotal evidence for CBD relieving arthritis symptoms and complications is abundant and compelling.(14)

Immune Response

Given inflammation is an immune response, it stands to reason that CBD oil may assist in the functioning of the immune system and ease autoimmune conditions associated with it, such as inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis.(15)

Most available evidence indicates that CBD is an immunosuppressant. In this capacity, it helps modulate immune function to fend off or help treat immune conditions.(16) You can expect more in-depth studies and new information on CBD (including any potential side effects and/or drug interactions) and the immune system in the coming years — it’s a hot topic!

While preliminary evidence suggests CBD may have immune-modulating effects, the scientific proof regarding CBD's direct impact on the immune system is limited and requires more research. Human studies in this area are few and far between, and more research is needed to determine the specific effects of CBD on the immune system. 

It's also important to note that the endocannabinoid system is complex, and the effects of CBD on immune function may be influenced by other factors, including dosage, method of consumption, and individual genetic and physiologic differences.

Indirect immune support may come from getting better sleep or enhancing your overall health and wellness.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of CBD — They’re Not Puffed Up

You might even say they’re “swell.”

As someone who has been using cannabis to manage chronic pain for over five years, learning about CBD’s verified anti-inflammatory status was not only validating but hope-inspiring. This is a stepping stone toward a better understanding of how cannabis can fit into care plans and wellness routines. 

Based on the existing research, CBD’s potential to cut inflammation might, in turn, be able to help ease certain inflammatory conditions and symptoms like pain, arthritis, and more. Additionally, CBD’s purported anti-inflammatory effects may support brain health and immune response. Studies and clinical trials for CBD’s impact on inflammation and immune health continue.

As with all cannabis research, there are still some stones that need turning over, but what we know so far helps lead us toward making more informed choices on the road to new information and more definitive answers.

While I have had good results using CBD as an alternative or complementary therapy for my chronic back pain, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before incorporating CBD into your care plan. CBD can interact with certain medications, and its safety and efficacy have not yet been fully established in clinical trials for various autoimmune diseases.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Is CBD good for inflammation?

CBD has exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects. There’s a lot of high-quality research supporting CBD’s ability to combat inflammation.

Does CBD reduce inflammation or just pain?

Many high-quality studies have shown that CBD is effective at decreasing both pain and inflammation. However, everyone’s body responds differently, so keep in mind that your results may vary. 

How much CBD is good for inflammation?

A lot goes into finding the right CBD dosage for your inflammation. As such, it’s suggested to start with the guidelines on your CBD oil product package or with the amount/frequency recommended by your healthcare provider.

References

  1. Carvalho, A. C. A,. et al. (2020). Cannabis and Canabidinoids on the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Going Beyond Misuse. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(8), 2940.
  2. Frane, N. et al. (2022). Cannabidiol as a treatment for arthritis and joint pain: an exploratory cross-sectional study. Journal of cannabis research, 4(1), 47.
  3. Herrington, A.J. (2021). Study Finds CBD Is An Effective Treatment For Migraine. Forbes.
  4. Pahwa, R., et al. (2023). Chronic Inflammation. StatPearls Publishing.
  5. Santos-Longhurst, Adrienne. (2023). Understanding and Managing Chronic Inflammation. Healthline.
  6. Iffland, K., et al. (2017). An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.
  7. Pandey, R., et al. (2009). Endocannabinoids and immune regulation. Pharmacological Research.
  8. Atalay, S., et al. (2019). Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(1), 21.
  9. Mlost, J., et al. (2020). Cannabidiol for Pain Treatment: Focus on Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. MDPI AG.
  10. Corroon, J., et al. (2018). A Cross-Sectional Study of Cannabidiol Users. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.
  11. Shmerling, R.H. (2020). Does CBD help with arthritis pain? Harvard Health Blog.
  12. Malfait, A.M., et al. (2000). The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Biological Sciences.
  13. (2003). Patients Tell Us About CBD Use. Arthritis Foundation.
  14. (2021). CBD for arthritis: What the research shows. Open Access Government.
  15. Ferguson, S. (2022). Can CBD Benefit Your Immune System? Healthline.
  16. Julia, N. (2022). CBD and the Immune System: Can Hemp Oil Boost Your Immunity? CFAH.

So, you want to know where’s it OK to go with or for some cannabis-inclusive R&R. We feel ya! Everyone needs a break every now and then. And if you want your getaway to feature some hemp- or marijuana-derived products — it’s good to have a shortlist of cannabis-friendly countries and states to head to.

In this post, we break it down by cannabis type and destination. So, pack your bags and get ready to roll!

For more cannabis-related basic info, we recommend that you make a pit stop at our Can I Travel with Cannabis? post.

Travel + Cannabis, a Popular Trend

A little context before we globetrot.

Cannabis tourism is a big deal. It’s no longer just about trips to Amsterdam to check out the coffee shops (wink-wink). People want to consume hemp- or marijuana-related products that contain CBD and THC (and other cannabinoids) for wellness and pleasure while traveling.

According to Forbes, the weed travel sector is currently a $17B-and-growing industry.(1) About 18% of cannabis sales in 2021 were by tourists. With increasing legalization the cannabis sector has continued to grow and evolve further since 2021. And, of course, cannabis tourism drives ancillary spending on hotels, restaurants, attractions, etc.

In terms of people, the numbers are equally impressive. Just check out these stats they highlight:(1)

Now on to the fun part! Let’s see where you can enjoy a cannabis-spiked adventure or retreat….

A World of Choice — Types of Cannabis Travel

If you’re all in on the idea of having a cannabis-infused vacation, you’ve got options. A lot of them.

For example, depending upon where you go and how you get there, you could include cannabis on your itinerary by:

Trust us — you won’t run out of places to explore. There are enough cannabis-allowing states that you can see America and partake in marijuana and hemp goodies. If your heart’s set on filling your passport pages with stamps, there’s no shortage of weed-friendly countries to visit, too.

If you’re headed out for special occasion travel, you’ll find themed or bundled trips to meet your needs — like weed-friendly honeymoon packages!

Places That Welcome Hemp CBD & Marijuana Tourism

We’ve rounded up some of the locales that welcome cannabis and cannabis tourism. They span the globe, so make sure you have lots of map pins handy!

One bit of advice. While it’s permissible for you to use marijuana and/or CBD made from hemp as indicated in the sections below, you should always reconfirm the laws before you travel. Regulation is complex, different from place to place, and fluid. Cannabis rules are ever-evolving and you don’t want to get into any legal trouble while away.

States Where You Can Buy, Possess & Use Hemp CBD

CBD derived from hemp and containing no more than 0.3% THC is federally legal in the US. This means that — as far as Uncle Sam is concerned — you’re free to roam around the country toting along and consuming CBD products. However, it's recommended to carry the product in its original packaging and have proof of its lab testing results to verify its THC content. This can help speed things along and avoid any misunderstandings during security checks when flying. It's worth noting that the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) guidelines allow passengers to travel with FDA-approved medications and CBD products that contain THC content within legal limits.

As you may know, state and local laws may deviate from the national ones. Plus, how the laws are defined and implemented in each place can vary depending on the source of the CBD and the specific state laws. Some states may have their own regulations regarding the use of CBD products, so it's important to check the laws in your specific state.

Happily, there are no longer any states that outright prohibit CBD (cannabidiol) in all forms. Some states still have more-restrictive CBD oil access and rules, though. At a high level, here’s how it shakes out for CBD that meets federal standards:(2)

For example in Texas, CBD oil is legal for medical use if prescribed by a licensed physician for certain medical conditions, but possession of CBD products without a prescription can result in a fine. In Florida, Georgia, Virginia Missouri, and Oklahoma, CBD oil is legal for medical use if prescribed by a physician for certain medical conditions, but possession of CBD without a prescription is illegal.

It's important to note that the path to standardization and consistency among hemp-derived CBD and laws is still evolving. How it will develop in the future will depend on various factors, including political dynamics, public opinion, and evolving scientific research. The landscape of these laws and regulations is still in its infancy, so it's important to consult up-to-date sources or legal authorities for the most current information regarding CBD regulations in specific states and countries.

States Where You Can Buy, Possess & Use CBD Derived from Marijuana

On the other hand, CBD derived from marijuana plants, which can contain higher levels of THC, may be subject to more restrictions in some states, as marijuana remains illegal under federal law.  Several states have legalized the medical and/or recreational use of marijuana, and in those states, CBD derived from marijuana plants may be legal for certain medical conditions or for adults over a certain age. While states that have legalized marijuana for recreational or medical purposes generally have more permissive CBD regulations, the assumption that CBD derived from marijuana is always allowed in states that have legalized marijuana is not accurate. It's important to note that there can still be specific restrictions or licensing requirements for CBD products, including those derived from marijuana. Therefore, readers should refer to the specific laws and regulations of each state to determine the legality of CBD derived from marijuana.

To find more information about which US states allow the purchase, possession, and use of CBD derived from marijuana, reliable sources such as government websites, reputable legal resources, or industry organizations are helpful. Here are some suggested resources:

  1. State Government Websites: Each state's official government website often provides information on its specific cannabis and CBD laws. Readers can visit the official websites of the respective states they are interested in to find relevant information and official legal documentation.
  2. National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL): The NCSL offers a comprehensive resource on state cannabis laws. Their website provides up-to-date information and summaries of cannabis and CBD laws in each state, including whether CBD derived from marijuana is allowed.
  3. Marijuana Policy Project (MPP): The MPP is a nonprofit organization that tracks and advocates for cannabis policy reform. They provide information on state-specific cannabis laws, including CBD regulations, and regularly update their website with relevant information.
  4. Americans for Safe Access (ASA): ASA is a nonprofit organization focusing on medical cannabis advocacy. Their website includes a state-by-state guide to medical cannabis laws, which can be useful for readers seeking information on CBD derived from marijuana for medical purposes.

Countries Where You Can Buy, Possess & Use Hemp CBD

Each country has its specific allowances (mostly related to the amount of THC in the product), but CBD is legal in a ton of foreign lands like:(3)

  • Argentina
  • Australia
  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Belize
  • Brazil
  • Bulgaria
  • Canada
  • Chile
  • Colombia
  • Costa Rica
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Georgia
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Guatemala
  • Hong Kong
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • India
  • Ireland
  • Israel
  • Italy
  • Japan
  • Latvia
  • Luxembourg
  • Luxemburg
  • Malta
  • Mexico
  • New Zealand
  • Norway
  • Panama
  • Paraguay
  • Peru
  • Poland
  • Romania
  • Serbia
  • Singapore
  • Slovakia
  • South Africa
  • South Korea
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Taiwan
  • Thailand
  • The Netherlands
  • The United Kingdom
  • Uruguay

Some places, such as Eswatini, have only given the green light to CBD oil for medical use. Meanwhile, other countries — like Jamaica and Costa Rica — have decriminalized CBD.

Keep in mind that — just because CBD’s legal in these locales — you may have to have a permit or buy your CBD once there (i.e., you can’t necessarily bring yours from home).(4)

As of 2021 countries where it’s highly restrictive, illegal, or outright banned to purchase, possess, or use CBD include:

  • China
  • South Korea
  • Indonesia
  • Malaysia
  • Philippines
  • Singapore
  • Russia
  • Saudi Arabia
  • United Arab Emirates

Because the legality of CBD can change quickly, and laws can vary depending on the source of the CBD (hemp-derived vs. marijuana-derived) and the amount of THC in the product, it’s important if you are planning to travel with CBD or want to use it in a particular country, to research the current status of the specific laws and regulations in that country.

States Where You Can Buy, Possess & Use Recreational Marijuana

Let’s start out by saying that in many cases you cannot legally travel with marijuana. You absolutely can’t fly with it and, if not all, most train and cruise operators ban it. If you’re hitting the highways and byways — probably your best bet — you may be able to transport your marijuana-based items.

But remember, at the federal level, cannabis is still classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, which means it is illegal to transport across state lines, even between states where it is legal. This applies to both recreational and medical cannabis.

Additionally, individual states have their own laws regarding the possession and transportation of cannabis. Some states allow adults to possess and transport small amounts of cannabis for personal use within their borders, while others have stricter regulations or prohibit it entirely. It's crucial to research and comply with the laws of the states you are traveling to and through.

Again, you’ll have to verify what’s permitted in each jurisdiction you’ll be in.(5) However, it’s pretty common for states to treat marijuana like alcohol — like no open carry, no driving under the influence, sealed containers, age-restricted, etc.

To avoid legal issues, it is generally advised not to travel with marijuana, especially when crossing state or national borders. If you require cannabis for medical purposes, it is recommended to consult the laws and regulations of your destination and consider obtaining necessary documentation or alternative arrangements such as using local dispensaries or seeking medical recommendations upon arrival.

Always prioritize understanding and adhering to the specific laws and regulations of your departure and destination locations to ensure a safe and legal travel experience.

So, where can you go for a weed-friendly excursion? These US states and territories have legalized recreational marijuana use:(6)

  • Alaska
  • Arizona
  • California
  • Colorado
  • Connecticut
  • Illinois
  • Maine
  • Maryland
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • Missouri
  • Montana
  • Nevada
  • New Jersey
  • New Mexico
  • New York
  • Oregon
  • Rhode Island
  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • Washington, D.C.
  • Guam

Have at ’em and have fun!

Countries Where You Can Buy, Possess & Use Recreational Marijuana

Every country seems to have a different position on marijuana use. In the ones below, though, marijuana is either fully legal or has been decriminalized for personal and/or medical use. Furthermore, it's very common in these destinations to incorporate marijuana use into religious practices as well as everyday social scenarios.(7,8)

  • Argentina
  • Belgium
  • Belize
  • Canada
  • Columbia
  • Costa Rica
  • Croatia
  • Czech Republic
  • Ecuador
  • Georgia
  • India
  • Jamaica
  • Malta
  • Mexico
  • Peru
  • Portugal
  • South Africa
  • Spain
  • Sri Lanka
  • Switzerland
  • Uruguay

While we haven't listed them here, there are several other countries — e.g., The Netherlands, Cambodia, Laos, and Australia — where marijuana is technically illegal but readily available and culturally acceptable.

Transporting marijuana across international borders is strictly prohibited and can result in severe legal consequences. Customs and border control agencies actively enforce drug laws and may subject travelers to searches and inspections.

Have Your Travel & Cannabis, Too

Rejoice! If you’re into travel and into cannabis, there are countless destinations you can dash off to and enjoy a little stash.

Cannabis tourism is popular and on the rise. This means many states and countries allow some form of cannabis-related product, be it hemp-derived CBD or THC- rich marijuana. Many allow both! Refer to our lists above but reconfirm the current federal and local laws of each place you’ll be traveling to and through and the rules of your travel providers to avoid any issues.

You’ll find all kinds of cannabis travel options in these locales: themed tours and day trips, dedicated clubs and bars, infused dining experiences, and more. And, as the juncture of cannabis and tourism continues to merge and grow — expect even more responsible use, hemp- and marijuana-forward opportunities and destinations in the future.

So, go see-BD the world and TH-see what adventures await you!

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Can I travel with cannabis?

Traveling with cannabis can be complicated due to federal and state laws. CBD derived from hemp with less than 0.3% THC is legal when traveling within the US. However, transporting marijuana across state or national borders is illegal and can lead to severe legal consequences. Comply with the laws of the states you're traveling through to avoid any legal issues. It's generally recommended not to travel with marijuana.

Can I take CBD oil on a plane?

According to the TSA, on domestic flights within the United States, yes — as long as it’s federally legal hemp-derived CBD with less than or equal to 0.3% THC.(9) However, this doesn’t mean it’s OK to have the CBD oil product at your origin, destination, or transit locations. Regulations regarding CBD oil on international flights can vary significantly. Again it's crucial to understand the laws of your destination country. Consulting with the embassy or consulate of your destination country for accurate and up to the date information is advisable.

What are the most weed-friendly countries in the world?

There are too many to list, but here are some that show up on most round-ups: Uruguay (the first country in the world to legalize recreational cannabis in 2013), Canada, The Netherlands, Jamaica, Spain, Portugal, Croatia, Colombia. But, remember that the legal status of cannabis can vary greatly between different countries, and even within different regions of a country. Plus, cannabis laws and regulations can evolve over time — so always check for changes in the laws of each country you plan on being in. Additionally, cultural attitudes towards cannabis may vary even in countries with more relaxed laws, so it's important to respect local customs and norms.

References

  1. Yakowicz, W. (2022). Cannabis Tourism Is Now A $17 Billion Industry—And It’s Just Taking Off. Forbes.
  2. Ashton, L. (2020). Is CBD Oil Legal? Legal Status of CBD in 50 States in 2022. CFAH.
  3. (2021). Can you travel with CBD? - Destination breakdown 2022. CBD Incubator.
  4. Töre, Ö. (2022). Can You Travel Internationally with CBD Oil? Focus on Travel News.
  5. Hines, N. (2019). Everything To Know About Driving With Cannabis in Your Car in Legal Recreational States. Matador Network.
  6. Hansen, C, et al. (2023). Where Is Marijuana Legal? A Guide to Marijuana Legalization. U.S. News & World Report.
  7. (2021). 2021 Cannabis Travel Guide: We learned everything about traveling with weed so that you don’t have to! Seeker.
  8. Megan, M. (2022). Weed-friendly travel is becoming easier. Here’s where to go (and where to avoid) in 2022. Seeker.
  9. Medrano, K et al. (2015, February 26). The Best Countries Around the World to Smoke Weed. Thrillist; Thrillist.
  10. (2018). Medical Marijuana. Transportation Security Administration.

Pain is…a huge pain! Anyone who’s experienced it knows that pain can drain the joy out of living and make daily activities difficult to impossible.

And, repeatedly reported in study after study, upwards of 50% of people — maybe as high as almost 60% of Americans — live with some level of pain on most or all days.(1, 2)

Clearly, we need viable solutions to help manage or mitigate pain so we can reclaim our quality of life. Should CBD be on the roster of pain management options?

Let’s see…

A Primer in Pain

Pain is the broad term used to describe sensations of discomfort. Your brain and body may register pain as something’s wrong — like you’re hurt or ill. You can have pain anywhere you have receptors and nerves to convey or interpret pain signals.(3, 4)

Pain is a shifty little beast. It can present itself as a steady phenomenon, piercing, throbbing, searing, pinching, prickling, stabbing, burning, and so on. You can feel sore and achy or like you’ve been chucked into a baling machine.

And, pain also has a range of intensity and duration — meaning it can be anything from an intermittent pesky nuisance to totally debilitating and persistent.

Kinds & Causes of Pain

It can be helpful to categorize the different types of pain. Doing so can facilitate describing it, getting treatment, and understanding its impact on your body.

While there are other ways to group pain types, these four buckets are commonly used:(5)

Duration

Pain can be either acute or chronic.

  1. Acute pain comes on quickly and only lasts for a relatively short while (less than six months). There’s a direct cause — like a cut, burn, injury, surgery, etc. — and the pain severity lessens over time as the root condition heals.
  2. Chronic pain is the kind that’s ongoing or long-term. Sometimes this breed of pain persists even after its underlying condition has healed; sometimes there’s no identified root cause.

Classifications

Pain is often labeled as nociceptive or neuropathic.

  1. Nociceptive pain is due to tissue damage. Accidents, inflammation, illnesses, and medical treatments are some common sources of tissue damage that lead to pain.
  2. Neuropathic pain is nerve pain related to damage or dysfunction of the nervous system. This type of pain often seems to pop up, not linked to anything specific like getting hurt at the gym. Diabetes can triggers neuropathy.(6)

The “duration” and “classification” tags aren’t mutually exclusive. So, a person could have acute neuropathic pain, chronic nociceptive pain, etc.

Conventional Medicine Approach

Modern medicine has many approaches to alleviating pain. The exact techniques and treatments depend on your health needs, though.

Some go-to therapies include:(7)

Nowadays, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods may be part of your care plan. (And sometimes CAM modalities — which can be gentler on the mind and body — are used as an adjunct therapy or in place of medications or surgery.) Yoga, meditation, aromatherapy, acupuncture, and counseling are examples of CAM pain management tactics.(8)

CBD for Chronic Pain & Occasional Aches

This is a good segue to discussing CBD for pain relief (as CBD would probably be deemed a CAM option).

According to a 2022 survey by Forbes, 60% of American adults use CBD for its purported ability to quell pain.(9)

Should You Take CBD for Pain? Science vs Marketing

Listen to the marketers, and you’ll get a resounding “Yes” screamed in your face. Science takes a more measured stance. The common-sense answer probably is somewhere in the middle and very dependent on your personal situation.

Regulatory Clearance

So far, the FDA has only approved pharmaceutical CBD as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of a few special and rare seizure disorders. As such, in the United States, CBD alone isn’t approved for the treatment of pain.

A combination medication (that contains both THC and CBD in a 1:1 ratio) was approved by Health Canada. Canada allows this prescription drug for certain types of pain — specifically central neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis and cancer pain that doesn’t respond to opioids.(10

A Dose of Reality

While everyone likes to dwell on the advantage of CBD for pain, it’s not without risk. "CBD can interact with other important medications like blood thinners, heart medications, and immunosuppressants… Also, more information needs to be gathered about its safety for the elderly, children, those who are immunocompromised, and pregnant and breastfeeding women."(11

Looking at the Positives

CBD could be a powerful weapon in your pain-fighting arsenal. There are many upsides to CBD:

Let’s dig into that last “pain point” a little deeper. Armed with info, you can make a better decision — with the aid of your doctor — as to whether or not CBD has a place among your pain management weaponry.

Does CBD Work Well for Pain?

What does the science say about how effective CBD is at snuffing out aches and pains? Research indicates that CBD is effective at pain management for:(11,12)

As always, more studies and high-quality human trials are still needed. Every shred of new data could help to further bolster these initial findings and gain insights into long-term effectiveness and safety outcomes associated with CBD for pain.

How Does CBD Oil Take Away Pain?

All in, CBD can help neutralize pain by:(12)

How’s CBD do this?

Pain, the ECS & CBD

Earlier, we scratched at the biology of pain. As you may recall, pain is the result of messages passing between receptors and nerves and being interpreted by the brain and body.

Your endocannabinoid system (ECS) extends throughout your head, torso, limbs, and organs. Its receptors, enzymes, and endocannabinoids are present in your central and peripheral nervous systems. The components of your ECS are thought to play a key role in the mechanics and management of pain.

When CBD is introduced to your body, it collaborates with your ECS to disrupt pain signals. Its interaction with the receptors is what leads to the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-emetic, and antioxidant effects CBD is reputed for. 

CBD also partners with the ECS to help address underlying issues — such as inflammation, bone health, or metabolic factors — as well as secondary problems that arise from having pain. This is where CBD’s ability to soothe stress and anxiety comes in. And we all know too well the vicious cycle physical, mental, and emotional pain can go in.

How to Use CBD to Help Manage Pain

Each person’s system and symptoms are unique. So, you may have to experiment a bit to find the CBD product(s) and routine that works for you

Here are some guiding principles to keep in mind, though:

And, a word to the wise. Remember that many CBD products on the market are not yet regulated. While the FDA’s been reticent to evaluate CBD’s health benefits, it has found (through testing) that many products contain different levels of cannabinoids (CBD included) than were claimed by the manufacturers. So, only consider products with lab tests (COAs) that confirm the CBD product’s content. 

Got Pain? CBD for Pain Management May Help!

Pain takes many shapes, as does CBD. Perhaps that’s why they may be a good pair.

Existing research in animal studies suggests that CBD can be an effective component of a pain management plan. And anecdotal wisdom validates its effectiveness in many people.

CBD can work with your body to undermine pain causes, triggers, and exacerbators that result from injury, illness, etc. More high-quality scientific studies on humans are needed to understand the long-term effects of CBD for pain and why many people have beneficial CBD experiences while others don’t.

If you’re interested in giving CBD for your pain a go, we suggest you first check in with your healthcare provider. Assuming it’s okay, opt for premium CBD oil products that come with a COA and match your needs and preferences.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Is CBD a painkiller?

CBD has been reported in animal studies and by humans to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, both of which can ease pain.

How does CBD oil take away the pain?

Cannabidiol collaborates with your body’s endocannabinoid system to disrupt pain signals and to help address underlying issues such as inflammation.(12)

What amount of CBD helps with pain?

Can’t say exactly. Each person’s symptoms and biology are different. And different CBD formulations and dosing regimens yield different results. You may have to experiment a bit to find the CBD product(s) and routine that works for you.

References

  1. Yong, RJ, et al. (2021). Prevalence of chronic pain among adults in the United States. Pain.
  2. Upham, B. (2021). More Than Half of Americans Live With Pain According to Report. Everyday Health.
  3. (2018). Pain and how you sense it. MyDr.com.au.
  4. (2022). The Good, the Bad and the Strange of Physical Pain. Pfizer.
  5. Santos-Longhurst, A. (2018). Types of Pain: How to Recognize and Talk About Them. Healthline.
  6. (2021). Peripheral Neuropathy. Johns Hopkins Medicine.
  7. (2021). Pain Management: Painkillers, Chronic Pain, Pain Relief, Nerve Pain. Cleveland Clinic.
  8. (2022). 10 ways to reduce pain. NHS.
  9. Shafik Boyaji, MD. (2020). CBD for chronic pain: The science doesn’t match the marketing. Harvard Health.
  10. Silva, L. (2022). How To Use CBD To Help Manage Pain. Forbes.
  11. Cherney, K. (2017). Using CBD Oil for Pain Management: Does It Work? Healthline.
  12. Lutz, J. (2020). The Empowered Pain Patient’s Guide to CBD. Practical Pain Management.

CBD is taking the beauty industry by storm. But, does CBD’s potential to benefit go more than skin deep? Could it help with the actual health — not just the appearance — of your skin?

That’s what we’ll be fleshing out today. So, get ready to soak up more than a dime-sized dollop of knowledge about CBD and its possible impacts on our body's largest organ. Ready to love the skin you’re in even more?

Cannabis educator Barbie Sommars explains why CBD is used in skincare products, answering questions from Green Bee Life Founder Maria Calabrese. Watch the full video on Maria's Kitchen.

Skin Health, More Than Just a Clear Complexion

Skin isn’t just for sporting a dewy glow. While that’s certainly nice to have, your skin’s got you covered head to toe from a wellness perspective, too.

We can’t overstate how important your skin is. It’s a vital part of your immune system and works hard in other ways to keep you safe and healthy.

Skin, the Multi-Functional Organ

Among the skin’s functions are:(1)

Skin Diseases

Skin diseases are disorders that affect your skin. They can cause inflammation, clogging, or irritation. Many skin health conditions manifest as rashes, itching, or other changes to the appearance or function of the skin. The origins and severity of skin diseases can vary greatly.

It’s estimated that as many as a third of Americans currently have a skin disease.(2) So they’re extremely common.

What the Science Says about CBD & Skin Health

Research into CBD and skin health is limited but ongoing. Most of the research has investigated the benefits and efficacy of topical CBD (and other cannabinoids).

That caveat aside, we can still learn a lot from the data and results of existing studies.

To start, it’s been shown that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) modulates skin biology.(3) We already knew that the ECS runs throughout the body, including the skin. Science is confirming the link between the ECS’s presence and its activity in the skin. It’s through the ECS that CBD can influence health and well-being.

Additionally, scientists and clinicians have found that CBD exhibits a great deal of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory for a range of skin concerns. They’ve also determined that CBD promotes collagen production in broken bones and are looking into whether or not CBD influences the collagen matrix in our skin as well.(4) Overall, researchers are eager to see more and larger studies done to understand better how to best leverage CBD to treat skin disorders, bolster skin function, and more.(5)

Dr. Joan Irvine noticed reduced puffiness and more even skin after using botanical CBD skincare and adjusting her diet following an allergic reaction. Hear the full story on know n’ go, a GBL TV original.

CBD for Skin Inflammation & More

Before we dive into specific disorders, let’s see how CBD stacks up against some of the more common symptoms and side effects of skin diseases.

CBD has proven effective against:(6,7,8)

Research also indicates that CBD can help wounds heal, which may ward off additional skin health problems.

CBD’s able to do all this because it’s loaded with properties that are:(3)

CBD, a Friend to Sensitive Skin

One reason CBD’s gaining popularity is that it’s got a rep for being gentle. Especially compared to many pharmaceutical or commercial alternatives.

CBD is well-tolerated by most healthy adults but long-term effects are TBD. It has fewer and less severe known side effects than many conventional medications.(9) True allergic reactions to cannabidiol seem uncommon or are rarely reported. However, it’s possible to have allergies or sensitivities to cannabidiol or other ingredients in CBD products.

According to one expert interviewed for Dermatology Times, “Topical CBD is considered safe and has no known adverse side effects.”(8

Based on all the literature, studies, and anecdotal reports we reviewed, it appears more likely that CBD skincare will ease skin woes than triggering further harm.

CBD vs Common Skin Health Conditions

Skin conditions are often very bothersome. They can be physically uncomfortable and mentally or emotionally distressing. It’s easy to understand why the healthcare community and patients are clamoring to see if CBD can prevent and/or remedy skin diseases.

Below are some of the most common skin health concerns.(1,10) Let’s take a look at how CBD may help.

But first, a quick reminder. As mentioned previously, CBD research is in its infancy. It hasn’t yet had a chance to catch up with market demand or the grist from the marketing mills. While the stack of CBD research with animals and people is growing every day and we have a plethora of anecdotal wisdom, we still need more high-quality human studies to verify and validate the truth of CBD’s capabilities.

CBD for Acne

CBD reportedly offers a multi-frontal attack on acne. It reduces inflammation and redness, controls oil production, thwarts infections, and nourishes the skin. All this while being safer and easier on your body than many other acne products.(11,12)

CBD for Sunburns & Sun Damage

The anti-inflammatory and pain-alleviating qualities of CBD make it a good option for after-sun care. CBD’s also been shown to regulate the production of certain cellular proteins that contribute to sun damage. Lastly, the moisturizing and antioxidant effects of CBD further help to repair sun-damaged skin.(13,14)

CBD for Fungal Infections

Full- and broad-spectrum CBD — chock full of helpful terpenes — has proven effective against fungal infections of the skin like athlete’s foot. The compounds neutralize fungi so they can’t grow or reproduce. Plus, CBD can quell the hallmarks of fungal infections (itching, redness, etc.) and may be a safer alternative to more mainstream remedies. (15,16)

CBD for Eczema

The anti-inflammatory, anti-itch, and other attributes of CBD have been shown to lessen eczema symptoms — like dry, itchy, and/or red patches of skin.(17) And, CBD’s infection-fighting capabilities also help keep the skin in good shape. It could be a good choice for several forms of eczema including atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.(18)

CBD for Psoriasis

Emerging data points to CBD’s ability to relieve the symptoms of psoriatic disease. By supporting the immune system and reducing the inflammatory response, CBD could help prevent triggers for psoriatic skin issues and improve skin integrity. CBD could also be effective for pain related to inflammation, which is common to this systemic condition.(19)

CBD for Skin Cancer

Researchers are accumulating more and more evidence that CBD has some promising anti-cancer properties. However, claims that CBD has serious anti-cancer credentials including the ability to shrink tumors, prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells, and ease cancer symptoms and treatment side effects(20) are only partially supported by scientific evidence. The truth is, more research is needed to fully understand the effects of CBD on cancer. While CBD may have a more favorable safety profile compared to conventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, it can still have potential side effects, including fatigue, diarrhea, and changes in appetite and weight.

Overall, while there is promising evidence that CBD may have anti-cancer properties and benefits for cancer patients, more research is needed to fully understand its effects on cancer, including skin cancer and its treatment. As always, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before using CBD for any medical condition, including skin cancer.

CBD Promise Doesn’t Stop There

There are too many skin health ailments to list for everyone. But, rest assured, the use of CBD is being explored for other conditions, too, like:

Research continues to unravel the mysteries of how CBD could affect these skin diseases and more. Stay tuned for the latest discoveries!

* There’s very little research on the effects of CBD on child populations. CBD is not recommended for children unless it’s under the guidance and supervision of a qualified healthcare provider. 

Indirect Ways CBD May Support Skin Health

We all know a range of non-skin issues can lead to dermal health problems. So, it may be heartening to know that CBD could help here, too.

Here are just some examples of how CBD’s potential role in supporting overall health may benefit your skin. CBD may help you:

If your body’s not in a state of homeostasis (balance), it won’t be at its best. Stress, hormones, poor sleep, and aging — among other things — can throw your system out of whack. A body that strays from the optimal can develop or worsen skin health issues.

CBD's calming effects may have potential benefits for skin health, as stress and anxiety can exacerbate skin conditions such as acne and eczema. CBD's promise of addressing underlying or tangential wellness concerns — just might be able to promote skin health (and prevent skin health disorders or flare-ups) as well.

How To Add CBD to Your Skincare Routine

Most applications of CBD for skin health conditions are topical. You’ll find a wide range of oils, lotions, balms, creams, soaks, etc. — often targeted towards specific problems. Many products also feature other helpful botanicals, like rose water, that may have complementary benefits for whatever ails your skin.

If you’re interested in supporting general skin health from within, an oral formulation of CBD — CBD tinctures, CBD softgels, and so on — may be the way to go. These preparations offer systemic effects rather than spot treatments. They’re also well suited to addressing concerns like the ones mentioned above (stress, poor sleep, etc.).

Your CBD skin health protocol will depend on your needs. And, of course, it’s always good to check in with a healthcare pro who knows their abscess from their epithelium.

As with managing any chronic condition, a consistent treatment plan tends to be the most effective. And while marketers claim that CBD works best with regular use, it’s hard to evaluate whose best interest is at the heart of those statements — yours or theirs.  Until we have more unbiased data from scientific studies, you’ll have to be the judge.

Regardless, always use high-quality full- or broad-spectrum CBD oil products and check in with your doctor to make sure CBD’s right for you.

CBD for Skin Wellness

Your skin plays a major part in keeping your body safe and healthy.

CBD’s been established to have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and other properties to care for and protect the skin.

As such, researchers, medical professionals, and patients alike are looking to CBD for help with many skin diseases. More research is needed, but existing data and anecdotal accounts suggest CBD may be useful in addressing eczema, psoriasis, acne, and several more skin conditions.

Incorporating CBD into your skin healthcare regimen can be easy. It can be as simple as applying a topical CBD serum or a quality hemp–CBD-infused botanical cream. 


FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Does CBD make your skin clear?

CBD may help improve the appearance of your skin by evening out its tone and texture.(6)

Can CBD help with wrinkles?

CBD’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hydrating, and other properties may help slow the onset and minimize the appearance of wrinkles.(21)

Why use CBD on your skin?

CBD may support overall and skin-specific health in a number of meaningful ways. It could also help make your skin look better.

References

  1. (2021). Skin Diseases: Types of, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention. Cleveland Clinic.
  2. (2019). Skin Conditions at a Glance. NCCIH.
  3. Baswan, SM, et al. (2020). Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol (CBD) for Skin Health and Disorders. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology.
  4. Kogan, NM, et al. (2015). Cannabidiol, a Major Non-Psychotropic Cannabis Constituent Enhances Fracture Healing and Stimulates Lysyl Hydroxylase Activity in Osteoblasts. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.
  5. Ikarashi, N, et al. (2021). Cannabidiol Application Increases Cutaneous Aquaporin-3 and Exerts a Skin Moisturizing Effect. Pharmaceuticals.
  6. Morales-Brown, L. (2021). Is CBD oil good for skin? Medical News Today.
  7. Petronelli, M. (2020). Does CBD benefit the skin? Dermatology Times.
  8. Hilton, L. (2019). Hemp for skin health? Dermatology Times; Dermatology Times.
  9. Kvamme, SL, et al. (2021). Exploring the use of cannabis as a substitute for prescription drugs in a convenience sample. Harm Reduction Journal.
  10. Ann, L. (2014). 10 Common Skin Conditions with Photos & Treatment Options. Drugs.com.
  11. Levandowski, B. (2021). CBD Oil For Acne: Everything You Need to Know. Byrdie.
  12. Johnson, J. (2019). CBD for acne: Does it work? Medical News Today.
  13. Reeves, A. (2020). Does CBD Oil Help Sunburns? cbdMD.
  14. Gęgotek, A, et al. (2021). The Effect of Cannabidiol on UV-Induced Changes in Intracellular Signaling of 3D-Cultured Skin Keratinocytes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
  15. Brodsky, C. (2019). How CBD Can Help You Get Rid of Athlete’s Foot. HelloMD.
  16. Smith, G. (2020). Is CBD Oil Antifungal? [We Look at the Science]. WayofLeaf.
  17. Klein, J. (2022). 3 of the best CBD creams for eczema 2022. Medical News Today.
  18. Curtis, L. (2021). Does CBD for Eczema Really Work? Verywell Health.
  19. Onorati, H. (2021). CBD for Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. National Psoriasis Foundation.
  20. Julia, N. (2022). CBD Oil for Skin Cancer – Benefits & Top Brands of 2022. CFAH.
  21. Julia, N. (2021). CBD Oil for Wrinkles and Anti-Aging: Skin Benefits & How to Use? CFAH.

You go out of your way to eat healthy foods and consume supplements to foster well-being. Presumably, you want to get some mileage out of those things — why else bear the cost or put forth the effort?

Well, there’s actually a measure of how much effect you’re getting from those substances. It’s called bioavailability.

In this post, we’ll explain:

Get ready to absorb critical info!

What is Bioavailability: The Basics

Bioavailability is the degree to which a substance — like a drug, supplement, or nutrient —reaches the bloodstream after being introduced into the body (e.g., by ingesting or inhaling). Often expressed as a percentage, bioavailability indicates how much of a substance is actually absorbed into and used by your system and the rate at which it does so.

The Different Types of Bioavailability

There are three types of bioavailability:(1)

Bioaccessibility & Bioavailability

You can predict a substance’s bioavailability by assessing its bioaccessibility.(2) Bioaccessibility is defined as the total amount of a substance that enters the body and that is available for potential absorption.

The greater the bioaccessibility, the greater your prospects for better bioavailability. It’s like you’re working with a bigger pool of material.

So, to illustrate, if you consume 25 mg of a substance but only 20 mg actually assimilates into your body — that substance is only 80% bioaccessible. (The remaining bit — 5 mg — is inaccessible for one reason or another.) This means that even if this substance were 100% bioavailable, you’d only be able to get 20 mg of the active substance from that original 25 mg.

Calculating Bioavailability

Figuring out bioavailability requires doing some simple math. You can convey bioavailability as a percentage or a proportion.

For example, let's say you're taking a drug that’s 60% bioavailable. That means that 60% of the drug will actually make its way into your bloodstream and start doing its job. The remaining 40% will likely be eliminated by your body before it has time to do any good.

Bioavailability can also be expressed as a ratio of the dose taken. So, if you take a 100mg dose of a supplement, 60 mg will make it into your bloodstream (60/100), while 40 mg will not (40/100).

Bioavailability Influencers

Bioavailability can be affected by a variety of factors.(1,3,4) This includes a number of personal attributes like your:

Lifestyle choices can also impact bioavailability. These are things like:

Last, but not least, there are plenty of physiochemical properties that can influence bioavailability, such as:

Anything that runs through the gastrointestinal system — like CBD edibles and supplement capsules — will have less bioavailability than if it went directly into the bloodstream. This is because the substance is processed and affected by the liver before circulating through your body.

Why is Bioavailability Important?

Knowing a substance's level of bioavailability can give you an idea of its likely magnitude of biological activity. Bioactivity refers to how effective a substance is at doing what it's supposed to do: helping your body function properly.

This measure can help you understand how well a given drug, supplement, or nutrient is working and whether it's worth taking again. A more bioavailable substance will be faster-acting and/or yield more effect per dose than a less bioavailable substance. In fact, a low-bioavailability substance may barely make it into your system at all!

For instance, if your aim is to get 10 mg of a drug into your bloodstream, it could be better to take 20 mg of a 50% bioavailable drug than 100 mg of a 10% bioavailable drug.

To be clear, this is a call that needs to be made based on the situation at hand. But, the point is that there may be other options on the table that you should consider. Ones that could be much more likely to work effectively and safely for you.

Maria Calabrese, Founder of Green Bee Life, trying a HOLISTIK Wellness CBD & Collagen drink mix. The mix is water-soluble for greater bioavailability.

CBD & Bioavailability

Let's narrow our focus a bit now and look at bioavailability as it relates to CBD.

When CBD is consumed, it enters your body either directly into the bloodstream or via the digestive system (and then into your bloodstream from there). The bioavailability of CBD plays a role in how quickly and to what extent your body is able to process and utilize the cannabidiol.

So, what can you expect from a CBD oil product with greater bioavailability?

While all cannabinoids interact with endocannabinoid system receptors in the body, CBD has been shown to have particularly strong interactions with CB1 receptors. This means that — the more bioavailable the CBD is (5) the more it can influence its effectiveness at providing relief from conditions like chronic pain and other desired outcomes.

CBD bioavailability can also affect whether or not you experience side effects from taking CBD oil products.(6)

The Bioavailability of CBD

It’s impossible to nail down an “average bioavailability” of CBD. So, let’s see what some of the scientific literature is reporting.

Here are some numbers to mull over for different formulations and methods of administration:(8,9,10,11)

Injected CBD has a bioavailability of almost 100%. However, intravenous CBD is only done in medical settings by qualified professionals as it can be dangerous to consume CBD intravenously. In animal studies, this method of administration sometimes caused sudden high levels of CBD in the bloodstream, which can result in dangerously low blood pressure.(12)

* To clarify, this is not saying topicals are or aren’t effective. It’s simply indicating that the CBD from topicals doesn’t leach into the bloodstream much. Which is just how topical CBD is supposed to work.

Maximizing the Bioavailability of Your CBD Oil Products

CBD is available in various formulations — gummies, tinctures, softgels, etc. — and can be taken in several ways — ingested, intranasally, topically, etc.

As we’ve shown, the bioavailability of CBD is strongly influenced by the form, concentration, and consumption method. Each preparation and administration protocol translates into different levels of bioavailability. And, therefore, the necessity to adjust the strength and dosage of the product you take as well.

The Most Bioavailable CBD Is...

It’s important to choose a delivery system that will allow for optimal absorption and avoid any resistance from the body. For example, using sublingual CBD oil drops allows for quick and easy absorption into the bloodstream.

Which leads us to the most bioavailable forms of CBD oil. Inhaled CBD is reportedly the most bioavailable. However, there are health risks associated with smoking and vaping. If you’re concerned about lung health, sublingual or intranasal varieties of CBD — like CBD tinctures — are probably going to be your go-tos. These formulations are designed to enter directly into the bloodstream.

Improving the Bioavailability of Your CBD

There are other tips and tricks to making your CBD more bioavailable. You can try:(13)

Absorb This: Bioavailability’s a Good Thing, Especially for Your CBD

Bioavailability refers to how absorbable a substance is. Absorbability impacts how quickly and fully that substance can enter your body and be effective.

Generally speaking, greater bioavailability is desirable when it comes to nutrition, plant medicine, or any other instance in which you’re trying to derive benefit from that substance.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

What is bioavailability?

Bioavailability is the proportion of a substance — like CBD — that’s introduced to your body that your body is able to absorb and utilize.

How do you increase CBD absorption?

Start by taking high-quality full-spectrum CBD or broad-spectrum CBD that has plenty of terpenes and flavonoids in it, ideally sublingually or intranasally. Consume your CBD with food, especially those that contain healthy fats and complementary compounds like pepper and turmeric.

What is the bioavailability of CBD?

It depends on the formulation and method of administration. On the high end of the spectrum are inhaled and sublingual CBD; topical and ingested CBD are on the lower end.

References

  1. Choudhary, A. (2022). Bioavailability of Drugs. Pharmaguideline.
  2. Galanakis, C. (2017). What is the Difference Between Bioavailability Bioaccessibility and Bioactivity of Food Components? SciTech Connect. Elsevier.
  3. (2022). Bioavailability. Wikipedia.
  4. Choudhary, A. (2022). What factors affect the bioavailability of drugs? Pharmaguideline.
  5. Vučković, S, et al. (2018). Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules. Frontiers in Pharmacology.
  6. Huestis, MA, et al. (2019). Cannabidiol Adverse Effects and Toxicity. Current Neuropharmacology.
  7. Millar, SA, et al. (2020). Towards Better Delivery of Cannabidiol (CBD). Pharmaceuticals.
  8. Millar, SA, et al. (2018). A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans. Frontiers in Pharmacology.
  9. Huestis, Marilyn A. (2007). Human Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics. Chemistry & Biodiversity.
  10. Paudel, K, et al. (2022). Cannabidiol bioavailability after nasal and transdermal application: effect of permeation enhancers. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy.
  11. Sultan, SR, et al. (2017). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Haemodynamic Effects of Cannabidiol. Frontiers in Pharmacology.
  12. (2021). 7 foods to elevate the effects of CBD supplements. The Guardian.
  13. Conte, R, et al. (2017). Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Phytocompounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
  14. McCabe, K. (2019). Using liposomes to safely deliver CBD and other Pharmaceuticals. Microfluidics.

CBD label literacy is a must for anyone who’s shopping for, buying, or consuming CBD oil products. But, understanding what’s included in CBD labeling can be confusing for the uninitiated. Learning how to read a CBD label just takes a little info and practice.

We’re consolidating the basics of reading CBD oil product labels here for you. Familiarize yourself and then spend a bit of time going over the labels of various CBD products. You’ll develop expert-level skills in no time!

Why You NEED to Read CBD Oil Labels

CBD oil products are becoming more popular all the time and for good reason. CBD has been shown to have a wide range of uses for supporting health and wellness — including reducing anxiety and inflammation, alleviating pain, improving sleep quality, and more.(1)

But how can you be sure the CBD you're scoping out is likely to do what you hope it'll do? Well, CBD oil labels are a great place to start!

It's important to know that not all CBD oil products are created equal. Different companies will produce different types of CBD oils with different levels of CBD, THC, and other cannabinoids. This is why it’s critical to read the label and internalize what it's telling you before purchasing any CBD product.

Reading the label can help you determine a host of things like:

Given that you're putting this product into or onto your body — and you probably strive to be the savviest consumer possible — this is valuable info.

These details will help you decide if a particular product is well suited to your needs and preferences and likely to be effective, safe, and a good value.

Anatomy of CBD Labels

CBD label design will vary across product lines and brands. No surprise here.

However, there are certain CBD product label requirements mandated by the federal government. And many states have specific additional mandatory CBD labeling inclusions.

All this means you should see more or less the same information and CBD terminology on every legitimate CBD product label — it just might be laid out or formatted differently from one maker to the next.

CBD Product Label Requirements

Federal CBD product label requirements dictate that product labels include the following details.(2) (We'll use Martha Stewart CBD Wellness Gummies as a working example.)

  1. The brand. ex. Martha Stewart
  2. The product. ex. CBD Wellness Gummies, Citrus Medley flavor
  3. The amount in the package. ex. 30 gummies with 10 mg of CBD each, 300 mg CBD per bottle
  4. Ingredients. ex. Hemp Extract Isolate, tapioca syrup, cane sugar, pectin, water, natural flavors. (Less than 2% of sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, malic acid, fruit and vegetable juice color)
  5. Manufacturer info. ex. Manufactured by Canopy Growth USA, LLC (plus its address and phone number)
  6. Nutrition values. ex. the Supplement Facts panel that indicates the serving size, calories, carbs, etc.
  7. Warnings. ex. Cannabidiol use while pregnant or breastfeeding may be harmful....
  8. Disclaimers. ex. This product has not been evaluated by the FDA for safety and efficacy and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
  9. Other material details. ex. expiration date, lot or batch number, extraction method, special usage and storage instructions, origin of the hemp, testing info, where to find out more about the product

State CBD product label requirements sometimes go above and beyond the federal ones. Some states actually require a scannable QR code or barcode, website address, or other way to access additional details about the CBD product or company.

What Not to Put on CBD Labels

Similar to what must be on CBD oil product labels, there are things that must not be there. No-nos include:(3)

Breaking the Rules

Failure to properly label CBD products can land CBD makers in hot water legally and shake the trust of consumers. Offenders can get warning letters, fines, and more from various governmental agencies. And noncompliance with labeling rules can turn customers away, which isn’t good for a business that wants to stay in business.

How to Read a CBD Label

Reading CBD product labels is going to become second nature to you PDQ — if you stick with some simple tips and guidance.

Reading a CBD label — Step-by-Step

  1. Confirm you have the right product. Check the brand name and product name. Make sure you have or are looking at the CBD oil product you’re curious about. It makes no sense to peruse the label of Brand X CBD Gummies if you’re only interested in Brand Y’s CBD Tincture…. Also verify what type of CBD you have: full-spectrum, broad-spectrum, or isolate.
  2. Check out the potency and dosing. If you’re wondering, “How is CBD strength measured?” or “What do the numbers on CBD mean?” — this is the time to find that info. You’re going to want to look at the suggested serving and nutrition table to see how much CBD (and other cannabinoids, etc.) you get in each dose. From there you can figure out partial or multiple doses as well. If the label doesn’t provide the per-serving amounts, you can easily calculate the concentration. For example, if a 10 mL bottle has 500 mg of CBD, there’s 50 mg of CBD per mL (i.e., 500 mg / 10 mL = 50 mg/mL). And, if the serving size is .5 mL, you’ll get 25 mg per serving (i.e., 50 mg/mL x .5 mL/serving = 25 mg/serving).
  3. Check the THC content. Find out how much THC, if any, is in the CBD product.
  4. Assess the product’s legality. For this, you have to know your area’s laws. Hemp CBD with no more than 0.3% CBD is federally lawful according to the 2018 Farm Bill but local regulations differ. For example, CBD food items are legal in some states but not others.
  5. Look at the ingredients. Make sure you know the source of the CBD as the laws governing hemp-derived CBD are different than those for marijuana-sourced CBD. Scan the list of ingredients to see if there are any red flags — like things you might be allergic to.
  6. Make sure the product isn’t on the verge of expiring. Shelf life can vary but most non-perishable CBD products last anywhere from 12-24 months (from the manufacturing date) when properly stored. You want an expiry date that gives you enough time to finish the CBD oil product.

Don’t Stop There

We live in the Information Age, after all!

So, think of a company's other product literature (packaging, inserts, etc.), websites, social content, and videos as “extensions” of the label.

By this, we aren't insinuating that there are the exact same informational requirements for CBD product labels. Rather, we mean that you can mine a ton of useful info from these sources. Use them to your advantage!

How to Spot Fake CBD Oil

Knock-offs are no joke. You need to know what to look for when buying CBD products. When you select real CBD products that are high quality, you can consume them with the confidence that you are getting the stated and or your desired amounts of CBD.

You’ll find your true CBD superstars by following these best practices:

How Do You Know if a CBD Product is Good? Start by Reading the CBD Label!

Reading CBD oil product labels is easy if you know what to look for. Labels reveal info you need — like what the product is, how much CBD is in each serving, and more — to help you pick high-quality CBD products that fit your needs and preferences.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Are CBD products labeled?

Yes. CBD products must be labeled. While CBD product label requirements vary by state, federal rules require that labels include what the product is, how much of the product’s ingredients are in the container, a list of ingredients, and nutritional info.

What do the numbers on CBD mean?

Numbers you'll see on a CBD product label include: THC content, CBD content, nutritional details, and product size and count. Most of the numbers tell you how CBD-potent the product is per serving and how many doses are in the container. The THC number clues you into whether or not the product is Farm-Bill legal and might yield psychoactive effects.

How do you know if a CBD product is good?

To ensure you get a high-quality and safe product, you have to do some due diligence. Read labels carefully and verify the CBD against the certificate of analysis. Look for quality ingredients, like CBD made from organic hemp. Only buy products that have been tested by an independent third-party lab. Only purchase from a reputable seller, ideally one that’s earned a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certification and offers a strong money-back guarantee. Consider online reviews, ratings, and testimonials as well as recommendations from people you trust.

References

  1. (2022). Cannabis and Cannabinoids (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version. National Cancer Institute.
  2. (2021). What are the CBD Label Requirements for the FDA? McReynolds Vardanyan LLP.
  3. Ibarra, J. (2020). CBD Marketing Claims Guide: Do’s and Don’ts. ACS Lab Cannabis.

Does CBD show up on a drug test? The reply to this common question may surprise you. It’s a hard maybe.

But you’ve come here looking for answers, and we’ll give you the full explanation. Whether or not you test positive on a drug screening after using hemp CBD depends on several key variables:

Are you ready to tease apart the details? Here we go!

Professional Golfer Bubba Watson discusses his work-around for eliminating the risk of failing a drug test by using a broad-spectrum CBD formulation with Dr. Ara Suppiah on know n' go, a GBL TV channel.

Drug Testing Basics

Knowing the fundamentals of drug testing will help you understand how CBD might cause you to fail a screening.

Who Cares About CBD Drug Testing & Why

There are plenty of use cases for drug testing. So it’s no surprise that certain groups of people are concerned that CBD might show up on a screening. Drug tests are often done on:

For these folks, a positive drug test result can have major consequences. For example, it could prevent an applicant from getting hired, ban a competitor from a sports match, or get a soldier discharged from service. 

What Drug Tests Are Looking For

A routine drug screening — the kind of test most private employers, sporting organizations, and government agencies will have you do — is a five-panel urine test that looks for the top misused controlled substances:(1,2)

Certain jobs may require a more encompassing drug screening, such as a 10-panel drug test. This test screens for the substances above plus five more.

CBD (or CBD metabolites, substances the body produces as it breaks down the cannabinoid) aren’t usually screened for, especially in states where cannabidiol is legal. But, this compound can be added to the test if desired.

CBD & Drug Testing — How It Works

Not all drug tests are the same. In addition to searching for different compounds, they can use different kinds of bodily samples — like blood, urine, hair, saliva, etc. Some types of tests are better able to detect sought-after substances than others.

Regardless, they ultimately work in a similar way.

CBD Oil & Drug Testing — A Look at the Variables

You can better assess your likelihood of passing a drug test after consuming a CBD product if you have a grasp of the factors that influence the results.

Factor #1: Type of CBD

So much hinges on what kind of CBD you use and how it’s administered.

If you’re consuming CBD that has THC in it — there’s a chance that the THC will trigger an undesirable drug test outcome. This means that:

Product formulation or administration methods can also make a difference. Cannabinoids will dissipate from your body more quickly with certain preparations of CBD oil. For example, inhaled CBD leaves your system faster than ingested CBD.

From here on out, the information mostly applies just to full-spectrum and broad-spectrum CBD because they have at least traces of THC. But, what follows is interesting and useful knowledge for isolate CBD devotees, too!

Factor #2: Magnitude & Timing of CBD Use

It’s probably no shocker when we tell you that the more CBD you consume, the greater the quantities there are of it in your body. And the more CBD in your system, the higher your odds of the THC content coming up on a drug screening. For example, if you consume large amounts of CBD — like 2,000 mg daily — you’re probably going to get a positive drug test.(3)

It’s also important to take timing into consideration. The more recent your dose of CBD, the more of it that will be coursing through your bloodstream. Over time, your body metabolizes the cannabinoids so there’s less and less of them in your body.

Factor #3: Kind of Drug Screening

What type of test is selected is largely based on precedent, cost, availability, and sensitivity.

Urine tests are the most frequently given, but saliva and hair tests are also prevalent.(4) Blood, sweat, and breast milk can also be tested.

Each kind of test has a different window of THC detectability (see below) and can yield varying rates of true positive results. For example, saliva and hair tests can be more reliable than urine tests.(4)

Cannabis Detection Windows by Drug Screening Type(5)

Test TypeDetectability Timeframe
Urine≤ 30 days
Hair≤ 90 days
Saliva≤ 24 hours
Sweat7-14 days

Factor #4: Your Body

Each human is a unique machine. Your body composition is unlike anyone else’s. How your body processes cannabinoids are singular as well.

And, because things tend to slow down as we age, older folks’ bodies may metabolize cannabis at a more tortoise-like pace. This is to say that — all other things being equal — THC could remain present in a mid-lifer longer than it would in a teenager.

A close-up of a person in a lab coat wearing gloves and holding a test tube to complete a drug test.

How Long Do CBD & THC Stay In Your System?

There’s a broad range, based on the type of CBD consumed, the frequency of use, and the body tissue or fluid sampled. That said, this should give you a good general idea.

If you want a broad-stroke answer, CBD typically lurks in your system for 2-5 days and THC is there for 4-8 days (one-time use).(6,7)

Approximate Time in Body(8,9,10,11)

Tissue/FluidCBDTHC/THC Metabolites
Urine2 hours-3 days (infrequent use) 1-4+ weeks (regular use)Up to 3 days (single use) 15+ days (frequent use)
Blood/Plasma3 hours-28 days5 hours-7 days
Saliva1.5-3 daysUp to 3 days
Hair3 months3 months
Breastmilk1 weekUp to 6 days
SweatLess time than THC1-4+ weeks

Prepping for a Drug Test — Best Practices for CBD Users

Let’s say you have a drug test coming up. And you want to do your best to make sure you pass with flying colors.

Here are some suggestions for detoxing the THC out of your system.

And, of course, support your body’s natural cleansing processes by eating wholesome foods, staying well hydrated, and getting plenty of quality sleep.

Why Using CBD Might Make You Fail a Drug Test

CBD oil does not show up on most drug tests. And if it does — it’s the THC content that’s actually flagged.

As a CBD user, it’s important to remember that CBD can be derived from either a marijuana or hemp plant (both are cannabis plants) but contain different amounts of THC. Hemp-derived CBD comes in three different formulations (isolate, broad spectrum, and full spectrum) with a maximum of no greater than .3% THC. You’re more likely to fail drug screening if you use CBD from the marijuana plant that has higher-THC levels, consume larger amounts of CBD, and/or take CBD often. The type of drug test being performed and your body chemistry is also factors.

If you have a drug test in the future, your best bet is to prepare for it by following some common-sense practices. These include refraining from CBD use as far in advance of your test as possible (or switching to isolate CBD), doing fat-burning exercises, and nurturing your body by eating, hydrating, and sleeping well.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

Is CBD a drug?

It depends on who you ask. According to the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp-derived CBD with no more than 0.3% THC is not a drug. However, the federal government does consider marijuana-sourced CBD or hemp CBD that exceeds 0.3% THC a drug. CBD may be viewed as a drug if it shows up on a drug test. And, of course, if you go by the dictionary definition, a drug is any substance that has a physiological effect when introduced to the body. So, context matters.

How long is CBD detectable in urine? 

CBD with THC may be detectable in urine for anywhere between a couple of hours and about a month. It depends on the amount consumed and frequency of use. Basically, the more you use it, the longer it’s likely to be present in your pee.

Will CBD show up on a 10-panel drug screening?

CBD won’t appear on a standard 5-panel or 10-panel test; these screenings are looking for — and may find — marijuana (i.e., THC or its metabolites). So, pure CBD shouldn't show up on standard drug tests. However, because full-spectrum CBD and broad-spectrum CBD contain some THC, it's possible that the THC in your CBD could register on your test results.

References

  1. Vandergriendt, C. (2019). 10-Panel Drug Test: What to Expect. Healthline.
  2. (2022). 5 Panel Drug Test for Employee Screening. Mobile Health.
  3. Kosecki, D. (2021). Why using CBD might make you fail a drug test. CNET.
  4. Maurer, R. (2018). Hair, Saliva or Urine—Which Is Best for Drug-Testing Job Candidates? SHRM.
  5. Hadland, SE, et al. (2016). Objective Testing. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America.
  6. Santos-Longhurst, A. (2019). How Long Does CBD Stay in Your System? Healthline.
  7. (2022). How long does Marijuana stay in your system? Drugs.com.
  8. (2019). How Long Does CBD Stay in Your System? | Blood, Saliva, Hair & Urine. Spring Hill Recovery.
  9. (2019). How Long Does CBD Stay In Your System? - Urine, Blood & Hair. Bedrock.
  10. (2020). What You Should Know About Using CBD When Pregnant or Breastfeeding. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
  11. Huestis, MA, et al. (2008). Excretion of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in sweat. Forensic Science International.
  12. Hess, C, et al. (2017). Topical application of THC-containing products is not able to cause positive cannabinoid finding in blood or urine. Forensic Science International.

Ever wonder what's really in your cannabis products? You might be surprised by what's lurking in there. And — considering that you're putting THC and CBD products on or into your body — you probably don't want to be caught off guard. Enter the certificate of analysis, or COA.

In this post, we'll analyze the COA so that you come away knowing:

Without further ado, let's get into it.

Dr. Joan Irvine and Barbie Sommars answer the question "what is a COA?" on know n' go, a GBL TV original series.

What is a Certificate of Analysis?

A certificate of analysis is an official document that provides laboratory testing results about the chemical and physical properties of a sample. It's also known as an assay or lab report.

The purpose of a COA is to help verify the safety, quality, and potency of the ingredients in a product. The report will confirm the content, strength, and purity of the tested sample.

The COA will also clue you in to whether or not the product it goes with conforms to the manufacturer's stated processes and standards. And it'll help you determine if what the makers say on/in the packaging, labeling, and inserts is accurate and complete.

Think of the certificate of analysis as your ally in the quest for product truth.

What Information Does a Certificate of Analysis Include?

COAs can be veritable treasure troves of useful details! Depending on what the lab tests for, you can learn a lot about your cannabis product. At the very least, a good certificate of analysis should include basic info like the:

What's most interesting, though, are the actual results of the analysis. This can include:

There could also be information about the manufacturing process as well as health and safety measures.

Is This COA Legit?

But, not all documentation that accompanies your cannabis products will be of equal caliber. A trustworthy certificate of analysis is one that:

Why's a Cannabis COA Important?

A COA is important because it proves that the cannabis in your product meets your expectations. It gives you a way to compare what the product is supposed to be to what it truly is. The certificate of analysis enables you to know, for example, what's really in that CBD tincture you're ingesting.

One important aspect of the COA is that it tells you how much THC, CBD, and other cannabinoids are in your cannabis goods. You absolutely need this info because:

Pro tip: Keep a copy of the COA with your product. If you ever need to prove it's Farm-Bill legal, such as if you're traveling — this could be your only way to do it.

Most cannabis consumers have their favorite products, go-tos that are known to work for them. Certificates of analysis offer a way to track product consistency over time.

This is particularly important if the products or brands that you like are bought by another company or ingredients are sourced from an alternate supplier. Looking at the COA can tell you if something in the product profile has changed. And a product with a different mix of cannabinoids, terpenes, etc. might perform differently for you than its prior version.

How To Read a Certificate of Analysis So It Makes Sense

A woman with short blonde hair in a lab coat with a stethoscope  holding up a COA report on a tablet with bottles of CBD products in front of her.

How can you use a certificate of analysis if you can't decipher what's on it? You can't. That's why it's critical to understand the parts of the report and what each piece of analysis or info means.

Key Terms on a Certificate of Analysis

Let's start with some of the jargon and acronyms you might see on a COA. These are super common:

Reading a COA

Each company's COAs are going to look a little different — layout, colors, etc. But that's no big deal because the "bones" of the report will be the same. They'll all have lab, company, product, and testing details.

For the most part, you only need to identify and evaluate a few pieces of info:

  1. Make sure that the names and addresses of the testing lab and the product maker aren't one and the same. Remember — you're looking for an unbiased analysis from an unaffiliated testing center.
  2. Confirm that the COA you're looking at is indeed for the product and batch you're interested in. The COA should correlate to the item you're viewing (or have purchased). Sometimes the COAs for multiple products (from the same brand) are grouped together.
  3. Verify the CBD and THC levels. Some COAs just say the sample "passed." Others will give you the actual bits of data so you can compare the specification (stated or expected amount of the cannabinoid) versus the detected amount (the result). You want to make sure that the quantities of each cannabinoid align with what's claimed in the product information. (If the amount of claimed vs detected cannabinoids is different, it may be OK. There is an acceptable range of variance.)
  4. Review the terpene and microbiology results. If the COA includes this info — not every company has these things analyzed — look it over. Obviously, you don't want a product that's swimming with salmonella. Beyond this no-brainer data, these details may give you a better idea of the likely smell, taste, and effects of the product.

Taking a gander at the COA is best done before you buy a cannabis product. We recommend that you start including reading COAs as a step in your pre-purchase due diligence. Just add it to the research checklist! This way, you have a better chance of knowing and having confidence in the integrity of the THC or CBD products you end up buying.

Sample Certificates

Theory's great — but looking at real-world examples may be more helpful. Check out some actual COAs for CBD products on the Green Bee Life COA database. You’ll find COAs for every product on the GBL Marketplace there.

Are COAs Legally Required?

Only some states require cannabis companies to test their cannabis products. The rules and requirements vary by state and by type of cannabis (e.g., marijuana- or hemp-derived, THC vs CBD).

The same goes for COAs. Only some states actually mandate that there be a certificate of analysis for each batch of each product. In any case, a producer that's worth its salt will have certificates of analysis for its products anyways — it's good business sense to have one because consumers are getting savvier by the day and are expecting COAs.

Sellers like COAs because they're a competitive advantage. The reports help:

COAs Help You be a Smarter, Safer Cannabis Consumer

A certificate of analysis can be used to determine the purity, potency, and quality of cannabis. It will tell you how much of which cannabinoids are in your cannabis product and can also help indicate if there are contaminants.

Learning how to read and interpret a COA takes some practice but is worth the effort. The COA is an incredibly useful tool for having confidence in a product's safety, efficacy, and legality.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

What is a certificate of analysis?

A certificate of analysis (aka COA) is a document that states what’s in a product, ingredient, or other substance. It’s sometimes referred to as an assay or lab report.

What is the purpose of a certificate of analysis?

A COA is intended to let you know exactly what’s in your cannabis product. It will tell you which cannabinoids are present and in what amounts. It may also let you know if other substances — like heavy metals or pesticides — are present.

Where to get certificate of analysis?

A good retailer will have a COA for every product. COAs should be made readily available — easy to find and access. Many online retailers link to the COA from their product pages or top level of the website navigation menu. If you’re shopping in person at a store, you may have to ask a clerk for COAs. Some manufactures include a QR code on the packaging.

To say there are plenty of CBD product choices on the market today is perhaps a slight understatement. There are thousands of CBD brands, each offering a plethora of product formulations made with various types of CBD.

Given the array before you, it can quickly get confusing or overwhelming. We’re going to resolve that here and now!

In this post, you’ll learn about:

CBD Basics

Before diving into the types of CBD and forms of products, it’s imperative that you have a solid understanding of CBD fundamentals.

What is CBD?

CBD (aka cannabidiol) is a naturally-occurring cannabinoid found in cannabis plants like hemp and marijuana. Cannabinoids are a kind of plant compound that can support and improve many mental and physical health and wellness conditions.

How Does CBD Work in the Body?

Everyone has something called the endocannabinoid system (ECS) running throughout their body. The ECS is a network of endocannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes. Many of your body’s systems and functions — like sleep, metabolism, and immunity — are governed or modulated by the ECS.

Cannabinoids affect changes in your body via the ECS. They interact with the receptors and/or endocannabinoids to send signals to the brain, which then dispatches instructions for how to respond to the rest of your body.

The 3 Types of CBD: Full-Spectrum CBD, Broad-Spectrum CBD & CBD Isolate

CBD comes in three distinct varieties: full-spectrum CBD, broad-spectrum CBD, and CBD isolate. Knowing what’s what will make you a safer and savvier CBD shopper and consumer.

Let’s examine each one more closely.

Full-Spectrum CBD

As the name implies, full-spectrum CBD maintains all aspects of the original CBD extract. Nothing is stripped out of the oil. This means that along with the CBD, there's also other cannabinoids — like THC — as well as terpenes, flavonoids, and other phytocompounds in your CBD oil.

Full-spectrum CBD

However, it's important to note that full-spectrum CBD may contain more than the federally-legal amount of THC (0.3%). And, since there’s potentially more THC in full-spectrum CBD:

And, because full-spectrum CBD is more natural, it may also retain an earthy smell and taste than more processed types of CBD.

Broad-Spectrum CBD

Like full-spectrum CBD, broad-spectrum CBD features a vast array of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and other plant substances. The key difference is that broad-spectrum CBD has undergone additional processing to remove the THC. While there may still be trace amounts of THC loitering in your broad-spectrum CBD oil — there should be no more than 0.3% THC.

Broad-spectrum CBD:

Keep in mind, though, that broad-spectrum CBD might:

Isolate CBD

CBD isolate has had everything but the cannabidiol — all other cannabinoids and phytocompounds — removed from the extract. So, this means that isolate CBD:

What else should you know about CBD isolate?

Infinite CBD Product Formulations

The current options are staggering; the possibilities for future CBD products are limitless.

Preparations

While certain forms are more common than others, you’ll see CBD oil made into the following kinds of products:

• CBD oil tinctures, drops, & water solubles• CBD softgels and capsules
• CBD gummies and jellies• CBD-infused foods (like butter) & beverages
• CBD chocolates and candies• CBD lozenges
• Dissolvable CBD strips• CBD transdermal patches
• Topical, oral, and nasal CBD sprays• CBD topical creams, lotions, roll-ons, and ointments
Infused cosmetics• Infused hair, skin, and other beauty care items
• CBD Suppositories• CBD-infused massage oils and personal lubricants
• CBD flower• CBD wax
• Smokable and vapable CBD• Pet care items

And this is surely not an exhaustive list!

Nanotized CBD

Nano CBD is CBD that’s been manipulated to reduce the size of the CBD molecule — all while maintaining its structure and capabilities. Nanotech makes it so that the CBD oil is more bioavailable to your body.

Greater bioavailability means your ECS can absorb more CBD and at a faster rate so that your product kicks in quicker and works more effectively. With a more bioavailable CBD, you may be able to use less product — creating exceptional value for you.

Many different brands and product formulations utilize nano CBD.

Administration Methods

Different CBD products formulations can be consumed in different ways.

Differences & Considerations

Each form of CBD product has its advantages and disadvantages. It’s up to you to assign those labels based on what you want to achieve. And, your unique body chemistry will influence outcomes as well.

That said, here are some rules of thumb: (2,3,4)

  1. Sublingual and nasal preparations work faster than ingestible products. This is due to how they enter the bloodstream. Sublingual/nasal CBD may kick in within 15 minutes whereas ingested CBD can take anywhere between 45 to 120 minutes.
  2. Sublingual and nasal formulations may have front-loaded and shorter-lasting effects than ingested products. Again, this is because the CBD is fast-tracking it through your bloodstream — meaning your body is metabolizing it sooner and more rapidly.
  3. Internally-consumed CBD will affect you system-wide. If you have CBD in your bloodstream, it’ll reach any body part that gets blood.
  4. Topical products can be relatively quick-acting. You don’t have to wait for the CBD to circulate through your body to reach the destination, so onset of effects can be immediate (but may take up to 15-20 minutes).
  5. Topicals offer localized effects. Where you put the CBD is where you’ll feel it. This makes them ideal for targeted spot treatments as well as — in the context of CBD bath bombs or salts — all-over ahhs!
  6. Topicals’ effects may be shorter-lived. Depending on the kind of product used and the amount and manner in which it’s used, you many feel the effects of topicals for several hours, or longer.
  7. Transdermal products offer extended time-released dosing. The CBD is designed to seep slowly and steadily into your system over a longer period, which makes this method great for all-day relief.
  8. Some CBD products may be both sublingual and/or ingestible. For example, even if you use CBD drops, strips, or lozenges sublingually — the truth is that you’re still going to swallow some portion of that dose, making that portion an ingestible.
People trying different cbdMD CBD products for stress, recovery and sleep.
cbdMD offers a wide selection of premium CBD formulations to help promote a sense of calm, ease stiff and sore muscles and to support a regular sleep schedule.

Choosing the Right Products for You

Start by dumping the idea that there’s only one supreme “best” CBD product. Every person and product is different and “results may vary” as they say. And, each type of CBD and product formulation has its pros and cons — though those are subjective to your opinions!

Selection Process

What this means is that you have to:

You don’t have to navigate this all alone. There are tons of high-quality resources at your fingertips (like the GBL Learning Center!) to help you sort everything out. Ask your family and friends for suggestions and check out online reviews. If you want individualized recommendations — especially if you have existing health concerns or are taking medications or supplements — talk to your doctor. There are even cannabinoid medicine specialists, called endocannabinologists, you can turn to.

Pick Which Type of CBD You Want

Perhaps one of the simplest ways to begin is to determine which type of CBD speaks to you. With only three possibilities, that’s a manageable first decision node. Once you know if you want full-spectrum CBD, broad-spectrum CBD, or CBD isolate — move on to picking the product formulation that suits you.

Pick Which Form of CBD Oil Product You Want

Next, you can weigh the upsides and downsides of various product preparations against the rubric of your needs and preferences. This is sure to eject some forms of CBD products from your list of contenders right away. Of the product formulations remaining on your shortlist, figure out which one(s) best fit your criteria. Then it’s time to go shopping!

Purchasing CBD Like a Pro

Regardless of whether you shop in a virtual marketplace like GBL or at a brick-and-mortar, it’s wise to stick to these guidelines:

  1. Only buy from a trustworthy retailer. A reliable seller should stand out from the crowd: It’ll have a sterling reputation with customers and industry peers, a solid presence in its market, knowledgeable employees, and consumer-friendly practices. On top of having a terrific assortment of great CBD products.
  2. Get nano CBD products whenever possible. These are likely to be more bioavailable, which means increased potential for effectiveness and value.
  3. Read the product labels and certificate of analysis. This is how you confirm things like ingredients, usage instructions, potency, purity, etc.— before buying.
  4. Opt for product with CBD made from organic hemp grown in America. Domestic hemp is subject to more rigorous standards and is less likely to have toxins like pesticides, heavy metals, and pollutants.
  5. Make sure the product has been tested by an independent third-party lab so you a certain you’re getting what you think you’re getting.

Keep Your Expectations Realistic

When you’re setting out to find “the One,” remember that:

The main thrust here is that there may be bumps in the road. But, with the right mindset (and supporting processes), you’re primed for making headway towards your CBD-wellness goals.

You’re Practically a CBD Products Expert Now!

The market is filled with an astounding variety of CBD oil products. Products made with hemp derived CBD with 0.3% or less THC are federally legal; state and local laws can vary. CBD sourced from marijuana is not federally legal, and again state laws very.

There are three types of CBD. Full- and broad-spectrum CBD both have the full complement of cannabinoids and other plant compounds that naturally occur in cannabis plants. The main difference is that the THC’s been removed from broad-spectrum CBD. CBD isolate is pure cannabidiol.

CBD oil extract is formulated into many kinds of products. On the shelves of your favorite online store or neighborhood shop, you'll find CBD-infused tinctures, gummies, creams, bath bombs, and transdermal patches — and everything in between.

There's no one superior type of CBD or product formulation. The goal is to select the CBD product that best meets your needs and preferences. To do this, you may need to do some research and some experimentation.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

What are the 3 types of CBD?

The three types of CBD are: Full-spectrum CBD, broad-spectrum CBD, and CBD isolate. Each has its own profile of included plant compounds. Only full- and broad-spectrum CBD contain at least trace amounts of THC. Isolate is pure cannabidiol.

Which CBD type is best?

The “best” type of CBD is the one that most optimally aligns with your needs and preferences, which may evolve over time. Pick the product that contains the type of CBD you need and that comes in a form you’ll use.

How do I choose the right CBD products?

Start by assessing your needs and preferences and what you want to accomplish by taking CBD. Then opt for CBD products that jibe with your requirements and objectives. It may take some trial and error — and patience! — to find the CBD oil products that work best for you.

References

  1. Santos-Longhurst, A. (2019). How Long Does CBD Stay in Your System? Healthline.
  2. Gold, B. (2019). Here’s How Long It Takes to Feel the Effects of CBD. Real Simple.
  3. Bulgaru, I. (2021). How long does it take for CBD to work? Healthcare Weekly.
  4. Carter, W. (2020, September 17). How Is CBD Absorbed Through The Skin? Cbdmd.com.

Even if you have a high-level concept of what CBD is — it’s always smart to know more. After all, you’re putting this little wunderkind into and onto your body.

Having a solid foundation in the numerous aspects of CBD can help you:

We have a lot to cover, so let’s get into it already!

What's all the buzz about CBD oil? 520,635 views (USA Today, August 16, 2019) CBD, or cannabidiol is being hailed for workout recovery, improved sleep an increased sense of come and for alleviating a range of mental and physical disorders. While the Farm Bill legalized the cultivation of hemp, the FDA has not yet evaluated its benefits. A quick overview on what you need to now about CBD.

So, What Is CBD Exactly?

CBD stands for cannabidiol. Cannabidiol is one of over 140 cannabinoids that are native to the cannabis plant. Cannabinoids are a special type of plant compounds found in cannabis; they interact with your endocannabinoid system to effect all sorts of mental and physical responses in your body.

CBD vs THC

To fully grasp CBD, you need to know something about THC, too. THC is another cannabinoid. You probably have at least a shadowy awareness of THC — it’s in the media enough and been part of pop culture and folk medicine for ages.

But, have you filled your knowledge banks with how THC and CBD compare and contrast?

In case not, here’s a very simplified answer.

Types of CBD

CBD’s usually derived from hemp but can be sourced from marijuana. This is because hemp CBD with no more than 0.3% THC is federally legal and because hemp is bred to have high CBD and low THC levels.(1)

Different strains of cannabis have their own proprietary chemical make-up. But, at the molecular level, all CBD is the same.(2)

CBD is a single cannabinoid, though. When it’s extracted from hemp or marijuana, other substances accompany it. In other words, CBD extract isn’t 100% pure CBD when it’s first produced.

This opens the door for possibilities, which can be a good thing for you as a consumer.

Full-Spectrum CBD vs Broad-Spectrum CBD vs Isolate CBD

Here are the three types of CBD that you’ll encounter in the marketplace:

Which Type of CBD Is Best?

Each kind has its pros and cons.

Full- and broad-spectrum CBD increase the chances you’ll experience an entourage effect. The entourage effect is the synergistic response your body may have to the CBD due to the combination of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and other plant substances. Plus, each terpene, flavonoid, vitamin, mineral, and so on in the CBD oil has its own potential benefits. However, because they contain at least a trace quantity of THC, users may get a mild euphoric sensation, fail a drug test, be in violation of local regulations, etc.

As a lone compound, CBD isolate won’t produce an entourage effect. Additionally, it’s a highly-processed product. On the upside, though, many people love that there’s zero THC and no chance of the THC baggage.

No one type is right for everybody or all the time. We’ll come back to this in the How To Use CBD Oil section below.

CBD Oil Formulations & Methods of Administration

As you can easily tell, CBD oil is versatile. Producers are able to create every stripe of CBD-infused product. Not to mention you can craft your own CBD goods with a handy bottle of CBD drops.

Available Kinds of CBD Products

CBD oil is usually diluted in a carrier oil or base when made into the many available CBD products. While not an exhaustive list, here are some common preparations of CBD:

Ways to Take CBD

Depending upon the formulation you select, you can consume your CBD product:

Each type of product and method of consumption has its merits. For example, let’s compare pills to drops: Softgels might take longer to kick in but their effects may be smoother and longer lasting. Conversely, CBD oil tinctures taken sublingually are faster acting but their effects can be more intense and shorter lived.

How CBD Works in Your Body

Your body wants to achieve and stay in homeostasis. Homeostasis is the state your body’s in when it’s in balance and all systems and functions are working optimally. CBD aims to facilitate your body in its quest for homeostasis.

Everyone has an endocannabinoid system (ECS). When CBD is introduced into your body (through the bloodstream, digestive tract, or skin), it engages with the ECS, which spurs various systemic responses. As most people are looking to CBD for a wellness win, the hope is that the reaction is helpful — i.e., the body’s reaction is the person’s desired outcome.

CBD doesn’t work with the ECS like THC does. This is another reason you get different results from the two cannabinoids. Instead of binding with the CB1 or CB2 receptors like THC, it’s thought that CBD changes the way that the endocannabinoids interact with the receptors.(2)

The ECS is a complicated and fascinating thing. We recommend reading our explainer post What is the Endocannabinoid System (ECS)? [Guide for Beginners] for greater detail if you’re not deeply familiar with the endocannabinoid system.

CBD’s Uses & Potential Benefits

The list is lengthy — it seems like CBD might be able to promote wellness in countless ways. Here are just some of the things folks commonly use CBD for:

Furthermore, there’s a ton of research (more every day!) showing evidence that CBD might be an effective part of a care plan to address:(3,4)

CBD exhibits so much promise that it’s expected that the body of research will continue to grow. As we learn more, we’ll develop a better idea of CBD’s capabilities and effectiveness.

How To Use CBD Oil

CBD use is a personal matter. It’s not a shapeless, stretchy sweatshirt that’ll fit anyone and everyone.

How you choose to consume CBD oil is tied to your individual needs and preferences. With that in mind, here are some tips and suggestions:

Is CBD Safe?

In order to answer this question, we have to break it down. (But, remember — each person and product is different, so no one answer holds true in all scenarios.)

First, Hemp

Let’s open with hemp — because most CBD sold is sourced from this subspecies and many CBD products use hemp seed oil as a carrier. Hemp is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the FDA. It’s also a very nutritious plant.(5)

Second, CBD Oil

Back to CBD specifically. Broadly speaking, for healthy adults, CBD should be safe. Things to know:(6,7,8)

Speaking of side effects, common ones may include:(4,6,9)

CBD is also contraindicated for certain medical conditions and may interact with some medications. It’s also not recommended for those who are pregnant or nursing or for children (under 18 years old). It’s always a smart idea to check in with your healthcare team prior to starting CBD, just to make sure it’s okay for you to give it a try.

Experts agree that, while more research is needed on the effects of long-term and high-dose CBD use, occurrences of adverse reactions is low and that CBD tends to have fewer side effects compared to many everyday drugs.(10)

So, as with anything, there are potential risks or downsides associated with taking CBD. But the chances of having an adverse reaction are probably small and the possible upsides are great. You’ll have to do the cost-benefit analysis for yourself to see what makes sense for you.

Third, Everything Else

This miscellaneous category encompasses other ingredients as well as unintended contaminants. Each item on that ingredients list carries its own safety profile. And poorly-sourced ingredients may have harmful chemicals, heavy metals, and other toxins in them. It’s something to be aware of.

Source Matters

Shoddy inputs make for shoddy outputs. You can’t make a silk purse from a sow’s ear.

The fewer, more natural the ingredients in your CBD oil products, the likelier they’ll be safer. So, opt for products that:

Is CBD Legal?

Thanks to the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills, restrictions on hemp and its byproducts (like CBD) have relaxed or disappeared entirely.

CBD & the Law

The 2018 enactment defined hemp-derived CBD with a max of 0.3% THC by weight as industrial hemp (frequently just called hemp for short). This distinguished it from marijuana and enabled hemp and its downstream products to be removed from the list of Schedule I drug.

No longer classified as a controlled substance, hemp and CBD are legal at the national level. As such, it’s perfectly okay for businesses to market, sell, and send CBD products to consumers — so long as they’re within the federally-established limits.

But, the federal laws are high-level and broad. They leave a lot up to the states to flesh out.

Because of this, what’s legal and what’s not can vary at the local level. And — trust us — it varies a great deal and is evolving constantly. So, it’s critical to periodically check the CBD laws in your area to see what you’re allowed to buy, own, and use.

CBD & the FDA

Now, it’s important to note that — except for Epidiolex — CBD is currently not an FDA-approved drug. It’s also not considered a dietary supplement.

This means that it’s prohibited to market CBD as a dietary supplements or make specific health claims.(11)

Nascar Professional Drag Racer Leah Pruett makes a Berry CBD smoothie with cbdMD Broad Spectrum CBD on GBL TV
Leah Pruett, professional Nascar drag racer, stays focused and on track with cbdMD Berry Broad Spectrum CBD Tincture in this quick and easy CBD smoothie recipe.

Shopping for CBD Products

To get the good stuff, you need to shop like a pro. We’re not going to blow smoke and tell you that making sure you’ve found high-quality CBD products is effortless.

You will need to do your due diligence and it does take a bit of up-front work. The nice thing is that once you lock in on the sellers, brands, and products that work for you — buying your CBD is easier the next time around.

Here are some things to keep in mind as you conduct your research and “window shopping.”

Hallmarks of High-Quality CBD Products

Where to Buy CBD

Your options for getting CBD depend on where your are and what kind of CBD oil product you’re angling for. That said, CBD goods are readily available via internet shops and marketplaces and brick-and-mortars.

Legalities

Because hemp-derived CBD with less than 0.3% THC is federally legal, it’s okay for retailers to ship it to any state in the US. So, online mail-order may be a viable option.

However — there’s always a big but, right? — laws and regulations vary at more local jurisdictional levels. This means that, even though the interstate commerce aspect of your CBD purchase is fine for the seller, it may not be legal for you to actually buy, possess, or use CBD where you live. You have to check the current laws in your area to see what’s permitted.

Shopping Experience

Look for shops that have a decent selection, high-quality products, plenty of product info available, and knowledgeable staff. Review the store’s policies and services to see if they jibe with your needs.

Some people prefer shopping at local venues. This lets them build a more personal rapport with the retailer and handle products prior to purchasing.

But, often the value and convenience of online shopping for CBD is unbeatable.

CBD, Decoded

CBD is one of the many cannabinoids found in cannabis. It’s known for its potential to help support many mental and physical health and wellness concerns — like pain, stress, and sleep disturbances.

As long as it has no more than 0.3% THC, hemp-derived CBD is federally legal. More-local-level laws vary so it’s important to periodically check what’s permitted in your area.

When you’re ready to buy CBD — which you can do online or in person — choose only high-quality products that are suited to your needs and preferences. Shop with trustworthy retailers.

It may take some time and trial and error to find the CBD products that work best for you. Keeping a log can help you home in on the most effective regimen.

FAQs Buzzin’ Through the Hive

What is CBD?

CBD is short for cannabidiol. Cannabidiol is a cannabinoid (naturally-occurring plant compound) in cannabis. CBD may help support mental and physical wellness — everything from lifting mood to improving sleep to easing pain.

CBD oil is concentrated cannabidiol that’s produced by extracting the CBD from the cannabis plant. There are three types of CBD oil — full-spectrum, broad-spectrum, and isolate, each with varying presence of other cannabinoids and plant substances.

What is CBD oil good for?

A whole lot! While each person is unique — and will have a personalized experience with CBD — and each product has its own merits, CBD yields many potential wellness wins. Research is showing that CBD is anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety, among other things. As such, people use CBD oil products for a slew of concerns — like managing stress, relieving aches and pains, elevating skincare, facilitating better sleep, and so much more.

Is CBD oil legal?

The 2018 Farm Bill federally-legalized hemp-derived CBD that has 0.3% THC or less by weight. However, laws and regulations at the state, municipal, and tribal level vary. Given this — and that the rules are ever-changing — you should check what’s permitted in your area prior to purchasing any cannabis products.

References

  1. (2018). What is CBD? CBD Oil Definition, Uses, & More. cbdMD.
  2. (2020). What is CBD? How is it different from THC? Shop Canopy.
  3. Johnson, J. (2020). Everything you need to know about CBD oil. Medical News Today.
  4. Kubala, J. (2021). 6 Health Benefits of CBD Oil — and a Look at Side Effects. Healthline Media.
  5. (2019). Three GRAS Notices for Hemp Seed-Derived Ingredients for Food. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
  6. Grinspoon, P. (2018). Cannabidiol (CBD)- what we know and what we don’t. Harvard Health.
  7. Machado Bergamaschi, M, et al. (2011). Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa Constituent. Current Drug Safety.
  8. Bauer, B. (2020). CBD: Safe and effective? Mayo Clinic.
  9. (2018). CANNABIDIOL (CBD): Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews. WebMD.
  10. Huestis, MA, et al. (2019). Cannabidiol Adverse Effects and Toxicity. Current Neuropharmacology.
  11. (2020). Ibarra, J. CBD Marketing Claims Guide: Do’s and Don’ts. ACS Lab Cannabis.
Green Bee Life
*FDA Disclaimer: These statements and products have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat or cure any disease.

Copyright © 2024 Green Bee Life | Green Bee LLC, is a subsidiary of Green Life Media, Inc., a full service creative agency and production company.

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